Iraqi researchers determined the major groups of bacteria associated with burn infections, isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from burn cases, and the testing of antibacterial activity of some plant extracts in comparison with the standard antibiotics. A total of 92 burn cases, covered with tetracycline (40 cases) and not covered with tetracycline (52 cases) from both sexes and various ages, were collected from various hospitals in Basrah City, Iraq, during 2001. Bacteriological investigation for isolation of bacterial pathogens especially P. aeruginosa was carried out. Two methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of various concentrations of aqueous extracts of leaves of Myrtus communis and eucalyptus compared with six antibiotics; these methods were to determine the growth inhibition zones and the minimal inhibitory concentration. Of the 92 cases, 78 (84.8%) gave positive cultures, and 158 isolates were identified as bacterial pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the predominant bacterial pathogen from 35.9% of the tetracycline-covered burns and 42.3% of the non-covered burns, followed by other bacterial types in various percentages. Aqueous leaf extracts of M. communis and eucalyptus gave an excellent effect on bacterial growth and their effects were within the limits of antibiotic effect. The authors concluded that extracts of the plants studied showed a high antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, and showed significant differences between susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolated from each tetracycline-covered burn and non-covered burn.